Diffusion & Facilitated Diffusion Diffusion is a type of transportation that occurs across the cell membrane It can be defined as: The net movement, as a result of the random motion of its mole...
CIE IGCSE Biology: 复习笔记：6.1.2 Chlorophyll Chlorophyll Chlorophyll is a green pigment that is found in chloroplasts within plant cells It is this pigment which gives plants their characteristic...
CIE IGCSE Biology: 复习笔记：6.1.1 Photosynthesis Photosynthesis Green plants make the carbohydrate glucose from the raw materials carbon dioxide and water At the same time oxygen is ...
Factors Affecting Membrane Structure & Permeability The permeability of cell membranes is affected by different factors or conditions, such as: Temperature Solvent concentration Temperat...
CIE IGCSE Biology: 复习笔记：5.1.5 Enzymes & pH: Extended Enzymes & pH: Extended The optimum pH for most enzymes is 7 but some that are produced in acidic conditions, such as the stomach, h...
Roles of Membranes Membranes are vital structures found in all cells The cell surface membrane creates an enclosed space separating the internal cell environment from the external environment Intra...
Practical: Measuring Enzyme Activity The progress of enzyme-catalysed reactions can be investigated by: Measuring the rate of formation of a product Measuring the rate of disappearance of a substra...
Coenzymes, Cofactors & Prosthetic Groups There are substances other than substrates and inhibitors that interact with enzymes Some enzymes can only function properly if another non-protein subs...
Enzyme Inhibitors Reversible inhibitors An enzyme's activity can be reduced or stopped, temporarily, by a reversible inhibitor There are two types of reversible inhibitors: Competitive inhibitors h...
