Preparation of Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids are compounds with a -COOH functional group They can be prepared by a series of different reactions Oxidation of primary alcohols & aldeh...
Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids Carboxylic acid is the name given to the family of compounds that contain the carboxyl functional group, -COOH The general formula of...
Reactions of Carbonyls Carbonyl compounds can undergo a number of reactions, some of which allow you to distinguish between an aldehyde and a ketone Oxidation - with acidified potassium dich...
Aldehydes & Ketones Aldehydes and ketones contain the carbonyl functional group, C=O This is why aldehydes and ketones are also known as carbonyls The difference between aldehydes and ke...
Optical isomers A carbon atom that has four different atoms or groups of atoms attached to it is called a chiral carbon or chiral centre Chira comes from a Greek word meaning hand, so we talk about...
Ligand Exchange Ligand exchange (or ligand substitution) is when one ligand in a complex is replaced by another Ligand exchange forms a new complex that is more stable than the original one ...
Reactions with Hydroxide & Ammonia When transition metal ions in aqueous solution react with aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia they form precipitates However some of these pre...
Reduction & Oxidation of Chromium Species For chromium we need to consider the following standard electrode potential values We will use zinc and hydrogen peroxide as oxidising agents Th...
Colours & Oxidation States Vanadium is a transition metal which has variable oxidation states The table below shows the important ones you need to be aware of Addition of zinc to the van...
